The skin is our body’s largest organ, and it does a lot more than just cover us up. It’s made up of three main layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (also called the subcutaneous layer). Each one has its own important job.
The epidermis is the outermost layer—the part you can see and touch. It acts like a shield, protecting us from bacteria, dirt, and harmful UV rays from the sun. It also keeps moisture in so we don’t dry out. The epidermis is constantly making new skin cells and shedding old ones. It also contains melanin, the pigment that gives our skin its color and helps protect against sun damage.
Right underneath is the dermis, which is much thicker. This layer is where you’ll find things like blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, oil glands, and nerve endings. The dermis helps regulate temperature by producing sweat and increasing or decreasing blood flow. It also gives the skin strength and flexibility, thanks to proteins like collagen and elastin. Plus, it’s what allows us to feel touch, pain, and temperature.
Finally, the hypodermis is the deepest layer. It’s mostly made of fat and connective tissue. This layer cushions our muscles and bones, helps keep us warm, and stores energy. It also anchors the skin to the structures underneath.
Together, these three layers do an incredible job of protecting our bodies, keeping us comfortable, and helping us interact with the world around us.
.
