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The nerve cell is the basic unit of communication for the nervous system, and they have three components. Those are the cell body, which includes the nucleus, axons and dendrites. The nerve cell is a type of cell that receives and sends messages through electrical signals from the body to the brain and back to the body. The first component is the dendrites. The dendrites are projections from the cell body and they are responsible for receiving chemical signals from other neurons. They then have to process these signals and transfer chemical signals into electrical impulses before transmitting them to the cell body. They play a crucial role which is to determine which received stimulation will result in an action potential, meaning they will send the signal to the cell body. The second component is the axon. The axon is a main branch that has multiple branches coming off known as axon terminals connecting to other neurons. The main branch of the axon is coated with a fatty tissue known as a myelin sheath, which greatly increases the speed of the electrical impulse. The axon is a cable that transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body towards the next neuron, muscle cell or organs via the axon terminals. The third component is the cell body. The cell body is the part of the neuron that contains the nucleus and major organelles. The cell body is connected to both the dendrites and the axon and carries all the functions necessary for the survival of the neuron. The cell body receives information from the dendrites in the form of electrical signals. These signals are processed and transmitted through the cell body to the axon and the information is then transmitted to other cells and neurons at the axon terminal.
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